Rachel Reeves yesterday in her speech set out reasons for her poor performance. She is still claiming the problems stem from her inheritance, but she took over with 4% unemployment, now 4.8%, with 2% inflation, now 3.8% and a faster growing economy in the first half of 2024 than since. Most commentators see the damage was done by the run up to her first budget, hitting confidence by threatening all sorts of taxes, followed by a tax raising budget. Targeting extra tax on rich people, on companies, on small businesses , farms and above all on employing people was a sure fire way to undermine confidence, reduce new jobs and lead to closures of plants and shops and loss of jobs.
Food prices surged as shops struggled to meet the new higher wage and property bills. Energy prices surged as Mr Miliband’s enforced transition turned out to be dearer, not cheaper. Jobs dried up, and many young people now languish on benefits, unable to get their first foot on the employment ladder.
She says the poor rate of productivity growth is not a puzzle. I agree with that. She says it stems from years of underinvestment, Brexit paperwork and austerity economics. Wrong on all counts. The public sector collapse of productivity from covid was not owing to too little public sector investment, but to bad management. Just look at the wasted investment into the Post office and NHS computers, and into HS2. Our trade went up, not down after Brexit, with soaring services trade helping boost our economy. Far from 2019-24 being years of public sector austerity they were years of large increases in public spending and public recruitment, which lay behind the falls in productivity as too many people achieved too little extra.
So why is the productivity slowdown no puzzle? Because it results from the UK’s mad dear energy policy, closing high energy using factories and shutting down our highly productive oil and gas industry prematurely. It is because the public sector has greatly expanded its employee numbers and spending levels without delivering more service. This started after covid under the previous government and was clearly visible when Labour took over. Instead of demanding better public sector productivity they made the problem worse. They recruited more and boosted pay considerably without requiring smarter working. They intensified the closures of oil and gas, preventing any new wells being drilled or new investment being put in. They pushed up energy prices more in a dash to introduce more high cost renewables. The rate of factory closures speeded up. The ever higher energy taxation drove two oil refineries to close and two big olefins petrochemical plants to shut. No wonder productivity struggles as these are the capital intensive businesses that boost the national average productivity figure. People who serve in bars and restaurants work hard and are much needed but their labour productivity, the amount of revenue they earn for their business, is much lower than the revenue earned by the oil production worker or the refinery staff in very automated settings.
To get the UK back on the road to higher productivity, faster growth and higher living standards we need lower energy prices to price industry back into world markets from a Uk base. We need lower total public spending and borrowing to start to bring our very high long term interest rates down. Rachel Reeves drove those up well above Truss levels in her first year by spending too much. She is wrong to say our high rates are the result of international markets. Our rates have gone higher than others thanks to a very bad budget. She recognises the need to get more people into work to cut the benefit the bill the right way. The trouble is without other spending reductions and some tax cuts on investment and business she will not get all the jobs it needs to bring that about.
She needs to redouble efforts to help the public sector work smarter. Bonuses need to be aligned to doing things better and cheaper. There needs to be an immediate staff freeze on all external recruitment apart from uniformed staff, medics and teachers. That way the organisations can slim as people leave, amalgamating roles and promoting existing staff into more rewarding and demanding positions.